Chiyambi ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya chotenthetsera magalimoto

Chotenthetsera mafuta cha galimoto, chomwe chimadziwikanso kutichotenthetsera magalimotodongosolo, ndi njira yodziyimira payokha yotenthetsera galimoto, yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito injini ikazima, ndipo ingaperekenso kutentha kothandizira poyendetsa. Malinga ndi mtundu wa mafuta, ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:chotenthetsera magalimoto cha mpweya wa petulodongosolo ndimpweyachotenthetsera magalimoto cha dizilomakina ambiri omanga magalimoto akuluakulu ndi makina omangira amagwiritsa ntchito makina otenthetsera mpweya wa dizilo, ndipo magalimoto apakhomo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito makina otenthetsera madzi a petulo.

Chotenthetsera malo oimika magalimoto ndi njira yodziyimira payokha yotenthetsera magalimoto yomwe imapereka kutentha kwa magalimoto, yoyenera mitundu yonse ya petulo ndi dizilo. Ngakhale mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magalimoto ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chotenthetsera, mtundu uliwonse uli ndi ubwino wake wosiyana.

Pakagwira ntchito, makinawa amakoka mafuta ochepa kuchokera mu thanki kupita ku chipinda choyatsira moto cha chotenthetsera. Mafutawo amatenthedwa kuti apange kutentha, komwe kumatenthetsa choziziritsira injini kapena mpweya. Kutenthako kumagawidwa m'nyumba kudzera mu radiator pomwe injini imatenthedwa nthawi yomweyo. Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yochepa ya batri ndi mafuta—pafupifupi malita 0.2 mpaka 0.3 pa nthawi iliyonse yotenthetsera, kutengera mphamvu ya chotenthetsera.

Makina otenthetsera magalimoto amapangidwa makamaka ndi magawo asanu otsatirawa:

• Dongosolo lolowera mpweya
• Dongosolo loperekera mafuta
• Dongosolo la kuyatsa
• Dongosolo lozungulira lozizira
• Dongosolo lolamulira lanzeru

Njira yogwirira ntchito ingagawidwe m'magawo asanu: gawo lolowera, gawo lolowetsa mafuta, gawo losakaniza, gawo loyatsira ndi kuyaka komanso gawo losamutsa kutentha.

1. Pampu yamadzi ya centrifugal imayamba kupopa kuti ione ngati njira yamadzi ndi yabwinobwino;

2. Madzi akayamba kuyenda bwino, injini ya fan imazungulira kuti ipumule mpweya kudzera mu chitoliro cholowera, ndipo pampu yamafuta yoyezera mafuta imapopera mafuta kulowa mu chipinda choyaka moto kudzera mu chitoliro cholowera;

3. Pulagi yoyatsira moto imayatsa;

4. Moto ukayatsidwa pamutu pa chipinda choyaka moto, umayaka kwathunthu kumchira, ndipo mpweya wotulutsa utsi umatuluka kudzera mu chitoliro chotulutsa utsi:

5. Chojambulira moto chimatha kuzindikira ngati kuyatsa kuli koyatsidwa malinga ndi kutentha kwa mpweya wotulutsa utsi, ndipo ngati kuli koyatsidwa, pulagi ya spark idzazimitsidwa;

6. Kutentha kumatengedwa ndi kutengedwa ndi madzi kudzera mu chosinthira kutentha, ndikuzungulira ku thanki yamadzi ya injini:

7. Choyezera kutentha kwa madzi chimazindikira kutentha kwa malo otulutsira madzi. Ngati chafika kutentha komwe kwakhazikitsidwa, chidzatseka kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuyaka:

8. Wowongolera mpweya amatha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mpweya woyaka kuti atsimikizire kuti kuyaka kukugwira ntchito bwino;

9. Motoka wa fan imatha kulamulira liwiro la mpweya wobwera;

10. Chowunikira choteteza kutentha kwambiri chimatha kuzindikira kuti ngati palibe madzi kapena njira yamadzi yatsekedwa ndipo kutentha kuli kokwera kuposa madigiri 108, chotenthetseracho chidzazimitsidwa chokha.