Tsogolo la Makina Otenthetsera Magalimoto Ogwira Ntchito Bwino

M'dziko lomwe nkhawa zachilengedwe zakhala zazikulu, opanga magalimoto akuyang'ana kwambiri njira zotumizira zokhazikika. Zotsatira zake, makampani opanga magalimoto akusinthira mwachangu kukhala magalimoto amagetsi (EV) ndi mitundu yosakanikirana. Magalimoto ochezeka ndi chilengedwe awa siabwino kokha pa chilengedwe komanso amathandiza kuchepetsa kudalira mafuta odzola. Komabe, kusintha kwa magetsi kumabweretsanso mavuto osiyanasiyana, makamaka makina otenthetsera nthawi yozizira. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, mainjiniya a magalimoto apanga njira zatsopano monga ma heaters oziziritsa mpweya ambiri,Zotenthetsera zoziziritsa kukhosi za PTCndi mapampu amadzi amagetsi kuti apereke kutentha koyenera komanso kokhazikika kwa magalimoto amagetsi.

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe eni magalimoto amada nkhawa nazo kwambiri, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira, ndi kuthekera kotenthetsa galimoto popanda kuwononga mphamvu. Yankho la vutoli ndi kubwera kwa ma heaters oziziritsa mphamvu kwambiri. HV imayimira High Voltage ndipo imatanthauza kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe amafunikira kuti atenthetse coolant ya galimoto. Mosiyana ndi injini zachikhalidwe zoyatsira moto, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kotayika kuti zitenthetse kanyumba, magalimoto amagetsi ndi ma hybrid amafuna njira zina. Chotenthetsera choziziritsa mphamvu kwambiri chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuchokera ku batire ya galimoto kuti chitenthetse coolant, yomwe imazungulira mu makina otenthetsera. Izi zimatsimikizira kutentha kwa kanyumba popanda kuwononga mphamvu yonse ya batire ya galimoto.

Njira ina yatsopano m'derali ndi chotenthetsera choziziritsa mpweya cha PTC. PTC imayimira Positive Temperature Coefficient ndipo imatanthauza chinthu chapadera chotenthetsera chomwe chimapangidwa mu zotenthetsera izi. Chimodzi mwa zabwino zambiri za chotenthetsera choziziritsa mpweya cha PTC ndi momwe chimadzilamulira chokha. Mosiyana ndi zotenthetsera zachikhalidwe zodziletsa, zinthu za PTC zimasinthira zokha mphamvu yotulutsa kutengera kutentha kwa malo. Kudzilamulira kumeneku kumalola njira yotenthetsera yokhazikika komanso yothandiza, kupewa kuwononga magetsi kosafunikira. Kuphatikiza apo, zotenthetsera zoziziritsa mpweya za PTC ndi zazing'ono komanso zopepuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera magalimoto amagetsi komwe kukonza malo ndikofunikira.

Kuwonjezera pa ukadaulo wapamwamba wotenthetsera, mapampu amadzi amagetsi akutchuka chifukwa cha ntchito yawo yowongolera magwiridwe antchito a magalimoto onse. Mapampu amadzi achikhalidwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu injini zoyatsira moto mkati amadya mphamvu zambiri za injini, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azigwiritsidwa ntchito bwino. Pampu yamadzi yamagetsi, kumbali ina, imatha kuyenda yokhayokha popanda injini, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ulamuliro waukulu pa kayendedwe ka coolant ndi kutentha. Mwa kuchepetsa kudalira mphamvu ya injini, mapampu amadzi amagetsi amathandiza kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto oyendetsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magalimoto amagetsi ndi a hybrid aziwoneka okongola kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza kwaChotenthetsera choziziritsira cha HV, Chotenthetsera choziziritsa mpweya cha PTC ndi pampu yamadzi yamagetsi zimapereka njira yokwanira komanso yosamalira chilengedwe yotenthetsera magalimoto amagetsi. Ngakhale cholinga chachikulu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwa kabati kumakhala koyenera, ukadaulo uwu umathandizanso kupeza maubwino ena ambiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito zotenthetsera zoziziritsa mpweya za HV ndi zotenthetsera zoziziritsa mpweya za PTC, magetsi angagwiritsidwe ntchito bwino ndipo mphamvu pa chilengedwe zitha kuchepetsedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwira ntchito pawokha kwa pampu yamadzi yamagetsi kungathandize kwambiri kuyendetsa bwino galimoto ndikuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.

Pamene makampani opanga magalimoto akupitilizabe kusintha chifukwa cha kuyambitsidwa kwa magalimoto amagetsi ndi a hybrid, kupita patsogolo kwa makina otenthetsera kwakhala kofunikira kwambiri. Ma heater a HV coolant, ma heater a PTC coolant ndimapampu amadzi amagetsizikusonyeza kudzipereka kwa mainjiniya popanga njira zokhazikika komanso zothandiza. Ukadaulo uwu sumangopereka kutentha kosangalatsa nthawi yozizira komanso umathandiza kuchepetsa mpweya wa CO2 komanso kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe. Pamene dziko lapansi likupita patsogolo ku tsogolo labwino, chitukukochi mu makina otenthetsera magalimoto ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri panjira yoyenera.