1. Makhalidwe a mabatire a lithiamu kwa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu
Mabatire a lithiamu makamaka amakhala ndi ubwino wodzichepetsera okha, kuchulukitsidwa kwamphamvu kwamphamvu, nthawi yayitali yozungulira, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino pakagwiritsidwe ntchito.Kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire a lithiamu monga chida chachikulu chopangira mphamvu zatsopano ndikofanana ndi kupeza gwero labwino lamagetsi.Choncho, pakupanga zigawo zikuluzikulu za magalimoto atsopano amphamvu, batire ya lithiamu yokhudzana ndi selo ya batri ya lithiamu yakhala chigawo chake chofunikira kwambiri komanso gawo lalikulu lomwe limapereka mphamvu.Panthawi yogwira ntchito ya mabatire a lithiamu, pali zofunikira zina za chilengedwe chozungulira.Malinga ndi zotsatira zoyeserera, kutentha kwabwino kwambiri kumasungidwa pa 20°C mpaka 40°C.Pamene kutentha kozungulira batire kumadutsa malire otchulidwa, ntchito ya batri ya lithiamu idzachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo moyo wautumiki udzachepetsedwa kwambiri.Chifukwa kutentha kozungulira batire ya lithiamu ndikotsika kwambiri, mphamvu yomaliza yotulutsa ndi kutulutsa voteji idzapatuka pamiyezo yomwe idakonzedweratu, ndipo padzakhala dontho lakuthwa.
Ngati kutentha kozungulira kuli kwakukulu kwambiri, kuthekera kwa kutentha kwa batire ya lithiamu kudzakulitsidwa kwambiri, ndipo kutentha kwamkati kudzasonkhana pamalo enaake, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto aakulu a kudzikundikira kutentha.Ngati gawo ili la kutentha silingathe kutumizidwa kunja bwino, pamodzi ndi nthawi yowonjezereka yogwira ntchito ya batri ya lithiamu, batriyo imakhala yovuta kuphulika.Ngozi yachitetezoyi imakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu pachitetezo chamunthu, chifukwa chake mabatire a lithiamu ayenera kudalira zida zoziziritsa zamagetsi kuti apititse patsogolo chitetezo cha zida zonse zikamagwira ntchito.Zitha kuwoneka kuti pamene ochita kafukufuku akuwongolera kutentha kwa mabatire a lithiamu, ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru zipangizo zakunja kuti atumize kutentha ndi kulamulira kutentha kwabwino kwa mabatire a lithiamu.Kuwongolera kutentha kukafika pamiyezo yofananira, kuwongolera kotetezeka kwa magalimoto amagetsi atsopano sikungawopsezedwe.
2. Makina opangira kutentha kwamphamvu yamagetsi atsopano a lithiamu batire
Ngakhale mabatirewa angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zida zamagetsi, pogwiritsira ntchito zenizeni, kusiyana pakati pawo kumakhala koonekeratu.Mabatire ena ali ndi zovuta zazikulu, kotero opanga magalimoto amphamvu atsopano ayenera kusankha mosamala.Mwachitsanzo, batire ya acid-lead imapereka mphamvu zokwanira kunthambi yapakati, koma idzawononga kwambiri malo ozungulira panthawi yomwe ikugwira ntchito, ndipo kuwonongeka kumeneku sikungatheke pambuyo pake.Chifukwa chake, pofuna kuteteza chitetezo cha chilengedwe, dzikolo layika mabatire a Lead-acid akuphatikizidwa pamndandanda woletsedwa.Munthawi yachitukuko, mabatire a nickel-metal hydride apeza mwayi wabwino, ukadaulo wachitukuko wakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ntchito kukukulirakulira.Komabe, poyerekeza ndi mabatire a lithiamu, zovuta zake ndizodziwikiratu.Mwachitsanzo, ndizovuta kwa opanga batire wamba kuwongolera mtengo wopanga mabatire a nickel-metal hydride.Zotsatira zake, mtengo wa mabatire a nickel-hydrogen pamsika wakhalabe wapamwamba.Magalimoto ena atsopano omwe amatsata mtengo sangaganizire kuzigwiritsa ntchito ngati zida zamagalimoto.Chofunika kwambiri, mabatire a Ni-MH amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutentha kwapakati kuposa mabatire a lithiamu, ndipo amatha kugwira moto chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri.Pambuyo pofananiza kangapo, mabatire a lithiamu amawonekera ndipo tsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagalimoto atsopano amagetsi.
Chifukwa chomwe mabatire a lithiamu amatha kupereka mphamvu zamagalimoto atsopano amphamvu ndichifukwa choti ma elekitirodi awo abwino komanso oyipa ali ndi zida zogwira ntchito.Panthawi yokhazikika ndikuchotsa zinthu, mphamvu zambiri zamagetsi zimapezedwa, ndiyeno molingana ndi mfundo ya kutembenuka kwamphamvu, mphamvu yamagetsi ndi mphamvu ya kinetic Kukwaniritsa cholinga chosinthira, motero kumapereka mphamvu yamphamvu ku magalimoto atsopano amphamvu, amatha kukwaniritsa cholinga choyenda ndi galimoto.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pamene selo la batri la lithiamu likukumana ndi mankhwala, lidzakhala ndi ntchito yotengera kutentha ndi kutulutsa kutentha kuti amalize kutembenuka kwa mphamvu.Kuphatikiza apo, atomu ya lithiamu siimakhazikika, imatha kusuntha mosalekeza pakati pa electrolyte ndi diaphragm, ndipo pali polarization mkati kukana.
Tsopano, kutentha kudzatulutsidwanso moyenera.Komabe, kutentha kozungulira batire ya lithiamu ya magalimoto atsopano amphamvu ndipamwamba kwambiri, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa olekanitsa abwino ndi oipa.Kuphatikiza apo, kupangidwa kwa batire yatsopano ya lithiamu yamphamvu kumapangidwa ndi mapaketi angapo a batri.Kutentha kopangidwa ndi mapaketi onse a batri kumaposa kwambiri batire imodzi.Pamene kutentha kupitirira mtengo wodziwikiratu, batire imakhala yovuta kwambiri kuphulika.
3. Ukadaulo wofunikira wamakina owongolera kutentha kwa batri
Kwa dongosolo la kayendetsedwe ka batri la magalimoto atsopano amphamvu, kunyumba ndi kunja apereka chidwi chachikulu, adayambitsa kafukufuku wambiri, ndipo adapeza zotsatira zambiri.Nkhaniyi ifotokoza za kuwunika kolondola kwa mphamvu ya batri yotsala ya batire yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi, kasamalidwe ka batire ndi matekinoloje ofunikira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mukasamalidwe ka kutentha.
3.1 Battery thermal management system yotsalira njira yowunika mphamvu
Ochita kafukufuku adayikapo mphamvu zambiri komanso zowawa pakuwunika kwa SOC, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zama data zasayansi monga njira yophatikizira ya ola la ampere, njira yofananira, njira ya neural network ndi njira ya Kalman yosefera kuti ayese kuyesa koyerekeza.Komabe, zolakwika zowerengera zimachitika nthawi zambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchito njirayi.Ngati cholakwikacho sichinakonzedwe pakapita nthawi, kusiyana pakati pa zotsatira zowerengera kumakula komanso kukulirakulira.Kuti athetse vutoli, ofufuza nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza njira yowunikira ya Anshi ndi njira zina kuti atsimikizirena, kuti apeze zotsatira zolondola kwambiri.Ndi deta yolondola, ofufuza akhoza kuyerekezera molondola kutulutsa kwa batri.
3.2 Kasamalidwe koyenera ka batire kasamalidwe ka matenthedwe
Kasamalidwe kabwino ka batri kasamalidwe ka matenthedwe kachitidwe kameneka amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kugwirizanitsa voteji ndi mphamvu ya gawo lililonse la batire la mphamvu.Mabatire osiyanasiyana akagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana, mphamvu ndi magetsi zidzakhala zosiyana.Panthawiyi, kasamalidwe kabwino kayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti athetse kusiyana pakati pa ziwirizi.Kusagwirizana.Pakalipano njira yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri yoyendetsera bwino
Imagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: kungokhala chete ndi kufananiza kogwira.Kuchokera pamalingaliro ogwiritsira ntchito, mfundo zogwiritsiridwa ntchito zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mitundu iwiriyi ya njira zofananira ndizosiyana kwambiri.
(1) Kuchita zinthu mwanzeru.Mfundo yofananira mopanda malire imagwiritsa ntchito ubale wolingana pakati pa mphamvu ya batri ndi voliyumu, kutengera mphamvu yamagetsi yamtundu umodzi wa mabatire, ndipo kutembenuka kwa awiriwo kumapezeka kudzera pakutulutsa kukana: mphamvu ya batri yamphamvu kwambiri imatulutsa kutentha. kupyolera mu kutentha kukana, Ndiye kutayika kupyolera mumlengalenga kuti mukwaniritse cholinga cha kutaya mphamvu.Komabe, njira yofananirayi sipangitsa kuti batire igwire bwino ntchito.Kuonjezera apo, ngati kutentha kwa kutentha kuli kosagwirizana, batire silingathe kumaliza ntchito yoyendetsera kutentha kwa batri chifukwa cha vuto la kutentha.
(2) Kuchita zinthu moyenera.Active balance ndi chida chokwezedwa cha passive balance, chomwe chimapangitsa kuipa kwa passive balance.Kuchokera pamalingaliro a mfundo yokwaniritsira, mfundo yofananira yogwira sikutanthauza mfundo yongofanana, koma imatengera lingaliro latsopano losiyana: kufananiza kogwira sikutembenuza mphamvu yamagetsi ya batri kukhala mphamvu ya kutentha ndikuyitaya. , kotero kuti mphamvu yapamwamba imasamutsidwa Mphamvu yochokera ku batri imasamutsidwa ku batri yotsika mphamvu.Komanso, kufalitsa kotereku sikuphwanya lamulo la kusunga mphamvu, ndipo kumakhala ndi ubwino wa kutaya kochepa, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri, ndi zotsatira zofulumira.Komabe, kamangidwe ka kasamalidwe ka balance ndi kovuta.Ngati malo owerengera sakuwongoleredwa bwino, angayambitse kuwonongeka kosasinthika kwa paketi ya batri yamphamvu chifukwa chakuchulukira kwake.Kufotokozera mwachidule, kasamalidwe koyenera komanso kasamalidwe kabwino kabwino kamakhala ndi zovuta komanso zabwino.M'mapulogalamu apadera, ochita kafukufuku amatha kupanga zisankho molingana ndi mphamvu ndi kuchuluka kwa zingwe za mapaketi a batri a lithiamu.Mapaketi otsika, otsika manambala a lithiamu batire ndi oyenera kuwongolera mokhazikika, ndipo mphamvu zambiri, mapaketi a batri a lithiamu ndi oyenera kuwongolera molingana.
3.3 Ukadaulo waukulu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina owongolera matenthedwe a batri
(1) Dziwani kutentha koyenera kwa batire.Dongosolo loyang'anira kutentha limagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kugwirizanitsa kutentha mozungulira batri, kotero kuti zitsimikizire kuti ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito kayendedwe ka kutentha, teknoloji yaikulu yopangidwa ndi ochita kafukufuku imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pofuna kudziwa kutentha kwa ntchito ya batri.Malingana ngati kutentha kwa batri kumasungidwa mumtundu woyenera, batire ya lithiamu nthawi zonse imakhala yabwino kwambiri, ikupereka mphamvu zokwanira zogwiritsira ntchito magalimoto atsopano.Mwanjira iyi, magwiridwe antchito a batri a lithiamu pamagalimoto atsopano amphamvu amatha kukhala bwino nthawi zonse.
(2) Kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa matenthedwe a batri ndi kuneneratu kwa kutentha.Tekinoloje iyi imaphatikizapo mawerengedwe ambiri a masamu a masamu.Asayansi amagwiritsa ntchito njira zowerengera zofananira kuti apeze kusiyana kwa kutentha mkati mwa batire, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito izi ngati maziko olosera momwe batire ingatenthetse.
(3) Kusankhidwa kwa sing'anga yotengera kutentha.Kuchita bwino kwambiri kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kutentha kumadalira kusankha kwa sing'anga yotengera kutentha.Magalimoto ambiri omwe ali ndi mphamvu zatsopano amagwiritsa ntchito mpweya/zoziziritsa kuzizirira.Njira yozizirayi ndiyosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, yotsika mtengo yopangira, ndipo imatha kukwaniritsa cholinga cha kutentha kwa batri.(PTC Air Heater/PTC Coolant Heater)
(4) Kutengera mpweya wofananira komanso kapangidwe kake ka kutentha.Mapangidwe a mpweya ndi kutentha kwapakati pa lithiamu batire paketi amatha kukulitsa kutuluka kwa mpweya kuti athe kugawidwa mofanana pakati pa mapaketi a batri, kuthetsa bwino kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa ma module a batri.
(5) Kusankha mfundo yoyezera fani ndi kutentha.Mugawoli, ofufuza adagwiritsa ntchito zoyeserera zambiri kuti awerengere zowerengera, kenako adagwiritsa ntchito njira zamakina amadzimadzi kuti apeze mphamvu zogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za fan.Pambuyo pake, ofufuza adzagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomalizira kuti apeze malo oyenera kuyeza kutentha kuti athe kupeza molondola deta ya kutentha kwa batri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-25-2023
